Valve mechanism and governor.



G, RANDOLPH BEST AVAILABLE COPY VALVE MECHANISM AND GOVERNOR.APPLICATION FILED 0(JT.19, 1909.

970,85 1 Patented Sept. 20; 1910.

2 BHEETB-SHEBT 1.

WIT/758858 Ill/VE/VIOR (Jay Piarmbh M M ATTORNEYS G. P. RANDOLPH. VALVEMECHANISM AND GOVERNOR. APPLICATION FILED 00T.19, 1909.

WITNESSES UNITED SIATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUY P. RANDOLPH, OF JENNINGS, LOUISIANA.

VALVE MECHANISM AND GOVERNOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 20, 1910.

Application filed October 19, 1909. Serial No. 523,390.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUY P. lhxnonrn, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Jennings, in the parish of Calcasieu and State ofLouisiana, have invented a new and Improved Valve Mechanism andGovernor, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

This invention relates to valve mechanisms and governors for internalcombustion engines and the like, and relates more particularly to adevice of this class in which the governor, through the valve mechanism,so controls one of the valves of the engine that the latter can receivean explosive charge at any induction stroke after the exhaust orscavenging stroke.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple, strong and efficientvalve mechanism and governor for use in combination with internalcombustion engines and like motors, which consists of few parts, bymeans of which the operation of the motor can be so governed that aftera predetermined speed has been exceeded the motor ceases to developpower, and which permits the motor to receive a charge or pick up at anyinduction or inlet stroke after the last exhaust stroke, and by means ofwhich the exhaust valve control of four-cycle engines is materiallysimplified.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts tobe more fully described hereinafter and particularly set forth in theclaims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the views, and in which Figure 1 is a sideelevation of an engine having an embodiment of my invention appliedthereto; Fig. 2 is a plan View of the device, showing parts broken away;Fig. 3 is an enlarged, longitudinal section having parts broken away;and Fig. 4: is a side clevation showing a part in section and havingdifferent positions of certain of the parts indicated in dotted outline.

Before proceeding to a more detailed explanation of my invention, itshould be clearly understood that the same is particularly useful inconnection with four-cycle internal combustion motors, such as gasoleneengines or the like, and that it provides mechanism for controlling theexhaust valve of the engine to regulate the operation of the same, theengine being governed by maintaining the exhaust valve open when apredetermined safe, or desired, speed is exceeded, so that no furtherpower is developed until the speed again returns to the normal. lViththe ordinary four-cycle engine a charge is drawn in at every fourthstroke, the cycle being: induction stroke, compression stroke, powerstroke, and exhaust or scavenging stroke. In other words, every otherstroke, for example, ev ry fourth, sixth, eighth, etc., stroke in oneirection, 2'. e., forward or backward, is an induction stroke, by theterm induction being meant the drawing in or receiving of the explosivemixture which constitutes the charge. If, after running for a certainnumber of strokes, the speed of the engine has increased to such a pointthat the governor becomes operative to prevent the further drawing in ofcharges,the engine ceases to produce power until the speed again fallsto such a point that the governor becomes inoperative; The ordinaryfour-cycle engine cannot, however, pick up, 2'. (1., again receive acharge, until the cycle is completed and the regular induction strokereturns. If the engine receives a charge at every second, fourth, sixth,etc., forward stroke it cannot pick up at an odd forward stroke, and anappreciable period is thereby lost during which the speed of the enginefalls still further and more than is necessary. My invention providesmeans for permitting the engine to pick up at any stroke in apredetermined direction, and, for instance, at the odd forward stroke,in the case above specified, as will appear more clearly hereinaftcr.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, I have shown, for example,an internal combustion engine having an engine frame 10 upon which isjournaled a main or driving shaft 11, and having rigidly connectedtherewith the cylinder 12. \Vithin the cylinder is the usualpiston 13having a pivoted connecting rod 14 operatively connected with the shaft11 by means of a crank 15. The shaft has a fly-wheel 16 of the usualtype. The cylinder has an inlet valve 17 of any suitable form,connecting with the carbureter 18. The cylinder also has an exhaustvalve 19 having a valve stem 20 provided at the free end with a head 21.A

spring 22 is mounted upon the valve stem direction of the dog.

and engages the head 21 and the valve casing 23, tending normally toseat the valve, that is, to close it.

The engine frame has extensions 24 provided with openings 25therethrough and constituting guides for a slide rod 26 movably mountedin the openings, and held against rotation by suitable keys or the like.A slide block or member 27 is rigidly carried by the rod 26 and has atrunnion 28 upon which is pivotally mounted an eccentric rod 29. Thelatter is controlled by an eccentric disk 30 rigid with the shaft 11 andencompassed by an eccentric strap 31 connected in the usual manner withthe eccentric rod 29, so that the shaft 11 serves to reciprocate theslide rod and block. The guides 24 have further openings 32 in which isslidably mounted a valve-controlling rod or bar 33, preferably ofangular cross sec tion, the openings 32 being similarly formed. The rod32 at one end normally engages the tapered face 34 of the valve stemhead 21. A spring arm or keeper 35 is rigidly secured, by means of abolt 36, or in any other suitable manner, to one of the guides 24 and atthe free end has a. bifurcated part 37 be tween the sides of which isrotatably mounted a roller 38. This is normally pressed againstthe rod33 by the resiliency of the keeper itself. The rod 33 has near one end anotch or recess 39 adapted to receive the roller 38 so that the rod canbe held in fixed position by the roller. The rod 33 has a longitudinalslot or groove 40 in which is pivoted a dog 41 by means of a suitablepin 42. The dog has a reentrant part or edge recess 43 ac apted toreceive a transverse pin 44 of the rod 33. The pin 44 constitutes a stopto limit the movement in one The dog has a nose 45 adapted to engage atthe shoulder 58 of the recess 46 of the member 27. so that when themember is moved in one direction it engages the dog, forces the latteragainst the stop 44, and carries the rod 33 with it. The recess 46 hasone end so formed that it slides inoperatively with respect to the dog41. At the rear end, the member 27 has an inclined cutaway part 47 topermit the member to ride inoperatively over the dog, displacing thelatter to allow the nose 45 to enter the recess 46. At the lower end,the dog has secured thereto a spring 48 connected by a line 49 in anysuitable manner with an adjusting wingnut 50 carried by one of theguides 24. The spring tends to hold. the dog against the stop 44 and thetension of the spring can be adjusted by means of the wing-nut aboutwhich the line 49 is partly wound.

Within the slot 40, and near the end thereof remote from the dog 41 is asecond dog 51 substantially triangular in form and movably mounted inposition by means of a pivot pin 52. The rod 33 at the end of the slothas a shoulder which constitutes a stop 53 to limit the movement of thedog 51. A spring arm 54 is rigidly mounted by means of a screw 55, or inany other suitable manner, upon the guide 24 adjacent to the valve stem20, and has the end 56 offset and provided near the offset with alaterally extended shoulder 57, for a purpose to appear more clearlyhereinafter.

The eccentric is so constructed that the movement of the slide rod andthe member 27 is substantially opposite to the movement of the piston;consequently in the positions of the parts shown in Fig. 3, the pistonis nearing the head of the cylinder and the member 27 is moving towardthe guide 24 remote from the head of the cylinder. It passes partly overthe dog 41, and the preferably undercut shoulder 58 of the recess 46 isabout to engage the tongue 45 of the dog. The movement of the memberthus causes the rod 33 to move in the same direction as the rod 26 untilthe roller 38 is forced out of engagement with the recess 39 of the rod33. The movement of the rod 33 permits the spring 22 to close theexhaust valve held open during the exhaust stroke by the rod 33, thelatter in turn being held by the roller 38. Meanwhile the lower pointornose 59- of the dog 51 is brought into engagement with the spring arm 54at the shoulder 57 and the dog is thereby swung about until the shoulder53 engages it and forces it to ride on to the offset end 56 of 10-) thespring arm as is shown most clearly in Fig. 4. The spring arm pressingradially against the dog with respect to its pivotal point holds it inthe position shown in Fig.

4. The piston now moves forward, drawing in a charge, and the member 27moves in the reverse direction, that is, toward the head of thecylinder, and riding over the dog 41, which is displaced against thetension of the spring 48, until a shoulder 62 at the front of the member27 engages the nose 61 of the dog 51, swinging the latter into theposition indicated in dotted outline in Fig. 4, so that the member 27can ride over it inoperatively. On the return movement of the member 27,when it has passed beyond the dog 51, the spring arm 54 forces it into aposition such that the nose 61 rests upon the shoulder 53, the shoulder60 being projected upwardly beyond the rod 33 so that it can be opera- 10 tively engaged by the shoulder 62 of the member 21 to cause the rod 33to move with the rod 26, to open the exhaust valve. During theabove-mentioned return movement the charge is being compressed and isthen exploded, the succeeding stroke being the power stroke. During thelatter the member 27 moves toward the head of the cylinder and finallyopens the exhaust valve for the exhaust stroke as specified above. 133

970,851 a V B When the piston of the engine is drawing in a char e theexhaust valve is of course closed, and it is not opened in the normaloperation of the engine, until the rod 33 is forced into engagementtherewith by the member 27 which engages the nose 60 of the dog 51.However, if the speed of the engine is such that the member 27 in movingover the dog 41 travels with such rapidity that the spring 48 cannotovercome the inertia of the dog 41 in time to swing it about to let thenose 45 enter the recess 46, the member is inoperative to close theexhaust valve, and slides over the dog 41, without operatively engagingit, so that no power is developed by the engine. This state of affairsobtains until the speed of the engine decreases so much that the slowermovement of the member 27 permits the do 41 to be swung about by thespring 48 in time for the nose 45 to enter the recess 46. It will beunderstood that the governor can be adjusted by turning the wing-nut 50to regulate the tension of the spring 48. By tightening the screw thegovernor is set for a higher speed than when the spring is looser.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent:

1. In combination, with an engine having a valve controlling theoperation thereo't', two relatively movable members, one of said memberscontrolling said valve, the other of said members being operable by theengine, one of said members having a dog adapted to be engaged by theother of said members, operatively to associate said members,said dogbeing normally operative, said dog being displaced by said other member,whereby the inertia of said dog prevents the operative engagement ofsaid members when their relative movement exceeds a predetermined speed.

2. The combination, with an engine having a controlling valve, of amember adapted to be reciproeated, and operable by said engine, a secondmember controlling said valve, and means whereby said first memberserves to operate said second member intermittently, said members beingarranged side by side.

3. Thecombination, with an engine having a controlling valve, of amember adapted to be reciprocated, and operable by said engine, asecond, valve-controlling member,

. and means for operatively connectin said members, said means becomingautomatically inoperative when a predetermined speed of said firstmember is exceeded, said members being movable in the directions oftheir lengths, and being positioned side by side.

4. The combination, with an engine having a controlling valve, ofrelatively slidable members, one of said members controlling said valve,a dog carried by one of said members and adapted to be engaged by theother of said members operatively to connect said members, resilientmeans tending to hold said dog operative, said dog being inoperatlvewhen the other of said members is moving in one direction, and a springtending to hold said valve in a predetermined position.

5. The combination, with an engine having a controlling valve, ofrelatively slid able parallel members arranged out of alinement, one ofsaid members controlling said valve, a dog carried by one of saidmembers and adapted to be engaged by the other of said membersoperatively to connect said members, and resilient means tending to holdsaid dog operative, said dog being displaceable by said first member.

(5. The combination, with an engine having a controlling valve, of amovable member, means for actuating said member through the operation ofsaid engine, a second movable member controlling said valve, and adevice movably associated with one of said members and tending tomaintain a normal position such that it can be operatively engaged bythe other oi said members, said last-mentioned other member when movingin one direction serving to displace said device into an inoperativeposition, whereby the inertia of said device prevents the operativeengagement of said other member therewith, when said member exceeds apredetermined speed of movement.

7. The COIIlblIltliIlOll, with an engine having a controlling valve, ofa slidable member, means for reciprocating said member through theoperation of said engine, a second slidable member controlling saidvalve, a dog movably mounted upon one of said members, and a springcontrolling said dog, whereby said dog tends to maintain a normal, proected position such that it can be ope 'atively engaged by the other ofsaid members, said last-mentioned other member, when moving in onedirection, serving to displace said dog into an inoperative position,whereby the inertia of said dog prevents the operative engagement ofsaid other member therewith when said member exceeds a predeterminedspeed of movement, said member passing inop-eratively over saiddisplaced dog before said dog can return to its normal, projectedposition.

8. The combination, with an engine having a controlling valve, of aslide, a valve controlling member, a movable dog carried thereby andadapted to cooperate with said slide to transmit the movement thereof tosaid member, means for actuating said slide through the operation ofsaid engine, and a second dog carried by said member and adapted tocooperate with said slide to ltaransmit the movement thereof to saidmem- 9. The combination, with an engine having a controlling valve, of aslide, a valvecontrolling member, a movable dog carried thereby andadapted to cooperate with said slide to transmit the movement thereof tosaid member, means for reciprocating said slide through the operation ofsaidengine, means for holding said member in position such that saidvalve is open, a second dog carried by said member and adapted to operate with said slide to transmit the movement thereof to said member,and means controlling said second dog, whereby the same isintermittently operated.

10. The combination, with an engine hav ing a controlling valve, of aslide, a valvecontrolling member, means for reciprocating said slide,and a movable device carried by said member and adapted to be engaged bysaid slide when in a predetermined position, to transmit the movement ofsaid slide to said member, and means controlling said dog, whereby thesame is intermittently, operatively positioned for engagement with saidslide, said slide serving to displace said device beforeoperativeengagement therewith.

11. The combination, with an engine having a controlling valve, of aslide, a valvecontrolling member, said valve having means whereby ittends to remain closed, a device tending to hold said member in positionsuch that said valve is open, a dog movably mounted upon said member andtending to maintain a normal, operative position such that it can beoperatively engaged by said slide when said slide is moving in onedirection, a second dog adapted to be operatively engaged by said slidewhen said slide is moving in the opposite direction, and means forintermittently, operatively positioning said second dog.

12. The combination, with an engine having a controlling valve, of aslide, a valvecontrolling member, means for holding said valve closed, akeeper tending to hold said member in position such that said valve isopen, a dog movably mounted upon said member and tending to maintain anormal, operative position such that it can be operatively engaged bysaid slide when said slide is moving in one direction, a second dogadapted to be operatively engaged by said slide when said slide ismoving in the opposite direction, and a spring arm adapted to engagesaid second dog and serving to hold it in a plurality of positions,whereby said second dog is intermittently, operatively positioned.

13. The combination, with an engine hav ing a controlling valve, of aslide, a valvecontrolling member, a spring tending to hold said valveclosed, a spring keeper adapted to engage said member to hold the samein position such that said valve is open, a dog movably mounted uponsaid member, a spring tending to hold said dog in a projected, operativeposition, whereby it can be engaged by said slide, said slide having ashoulder whereby it can engage said dog operatively when moving in onedirection, and having a cutaway part whereby it inoperatively displacessaid dog when moving in the same direction, a second dog adapted to beoperatively engaged by said slide when said 'slide is moving in theopposite direction,

and a fixed spring arm controlling said second dog, whereby said seconddog is intermittently operable with respect to said slide.

14. The combination, with an engine having a controlling valve, of amember adapted to be reciprocated, and operable by said engine, and asecond member controlling said valve, said second member having a dogtending to maintain a normal, projected, operative position, said firstmember hav ing a shoulder adapted to engage said dog when the same isprojected, operatively to connect said members when said member ismoving in one direction, said first member having a cutaway part,whereby said dog is initially displaced when said first member is movingin the above-mentioned direction.

15. The combination, with an engine having a controlling valve, of amember adapted to be reciprocated, and operable by said engine, a secondmember controlling said valve, said second member having a dog movablymounted thereon and adapted to project therebeyond, said first memberhaving a shoulder adapted to engage said dog when the same is projected,operatively to connect said members when said member is moving in onedirection, said first member having a cutaway part, whereby said dog isinitially displaced when said first memberis moving in theabove-mentioned direction, and an adjustable spring tending to main tainsaid dog in an operative, projected position.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

GUY P. RANDOLPH.

Witnesses:

J. H. HUNEY, EDITH H. ERVIN.

